Ate high overall performance liquid chromatography insulin-like development factor-I interleukin 8 c-Jun N-terminal kinase keratinocyte development factor mitogen-activated protein kinase malondialdehyde mass spectrometry nuclear element kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells nuclear factor erythroid 2-related element 2 Psoriasis Area and Severity Index principal component analysis protein kinase C Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein 1 reactive oxygen species sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis transforming growth factor-1 tumor necrosis element .
Paracrine regulation of fat cell formation in bone marrow cultures by way of Junctional Adhesion Molecule C (JAM-C) Proteins site adiponectin and prostaglandinsTakafumi Yokota,1 C.S. Reddy Meka,1 Kay L. Medina,1 Hideya Igarashi,1 Phillip C. Comp,two Masahiko Takahashi,three Makoto Nishida,three Kenji Oritani,three Jun-ichiro Miyagawa,3 Tohru Funahashi,3 Yoshiaki Tomiyama,three Yuji Matsuzawa,three and Paul W. Kincade1Immunobiology 2Departmentand Cancer System, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Wellness Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA 3Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate College of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan Address correspondence to: Paul W. Kincade, Immunobiology and Cancer Program, Oklahoma Healthcare Investigation Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA. Telephone: (405) 271-7905; Fax: (405) 271-8568; E-mail: [email protected]. Received for publication October 25, 2001, and accepted in revised kind April 9, 2002.Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, was lately shown to have potential therapeutic applications in diabetes and obesity because of its influence on glucose and lipid metabolism. We discovered that brown fat in normal human bone marrow contains this protein and employed marrowderived preadipocyte lines and long-term cultures to discover potential roles in hematopoiesis. Recombinant adiponectin blocked fat cell formation in long-term bone marrow cultures and inhibited the differentiation of cloned stromal preadipocytes. Adiponectin also caused elevated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by these stromal cells and induced release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The COX-2 inhibitor Dup-697 prevented the inhibitory action of adiponectin on preadipocyte differentiation, suggesting involvement of stromal cell erived prostanoids. Moreover, adiponectin failed to block fat cell generation when bone marrow cells were derived from B6,129SPtgs2tm1Jed (COX-2+/ mice. These observations show that preadipocytes represent direct targets for adiponectin action, establishing a paracrine unfavorable feedback loop for fat regulation. They also hyperlink adiponectin to the COX-2 ependent PGs which might be essential in this process.J. Clin. Invest. 109:1303310 (2002). doi:ten.1172/JCI200214506.Introduction Several functions attributed to adipose tissue consist of thermoregulation, energy storage, estrogen synthesis, and cytokine production. When fat cells and their precursors happen to be the focus of many studies involving obesity, additionally they constitute a standard component of bone marrow. Certainly, adipocytes, hematopoiesis-supporting stromal cells, osteoblasts, and myocytes seem to derive from widespread mesenchymal stem cells in that tissue (1). Cloned preadipocyte lines with the Toll Like Receptor 10 Proteins manufacturer possible for differentiation in culture happen to be incredibly beneficial for understanding the molecular regulation of differentiation (2). Agents that induce fat cell formation f.
