Ide, and fasting glucose levels, and positively correlated with age, eGFR, and serum adiponectin levels. However, serum CTRP3 concentrations had no significant correlation with serum hsCRP or IL-6 levels. Interestingly, the number of metabolic syndrome components had a significant positive relationship with circulating progranulin levels (r = 0.227, P = 0.010) and a negative correlation with CTRP3 levels (r = 20.175, P = 0.050). Moreover, serum progranulin levels increased significantly according to the number of metabolic syndrome components (P for linear trend ,0.01,Results Baseline Characteristic of the Study SubjectsThe clinical and biochemical characteristics of the study subjects are presented in Table 1. The metabolic syndrome group showed a significantly higher mean BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, hsCRP, and CIMT values compared to the control group. HDL-Tubastatin-A chemical information cholesterol and adiponectin levels in the metabolic syndrome group were significantly lower than in the controlProgranulin and CTRP3 in Metabolic SyndromeFigure 18325633 1), A 196 whereas CTRP3 serum concentration decreased significantly (P for linear trend = 0.04, Figure 1). In multiple stepwise linear regression analysis, IL-6 (P = 0.01) and triglyceride (P,0.001) levels were significant determining factors for serum progranulin levels (R2 = 0.251), whereas sex (P,0.001), triglyceride levels (P,0.001) and LDL-cholesterol levels (P = 0.02) were significant decisive factors for circulating CTRP3 concentrations (R2 = 0.321) (Table S1).Table 2. Spearman Correlation of Serum Progranulin and CTRP3 with Various Metabolic Parameters.CTRPProgranulinrSex Age 0.476 0.240 20.129 20.214 20.076 20.207 20.126 20.138 20.245 0.093 20.338 20.135 20.198 20.108 0.392 0.125 20.050 0.P,0.001 0.007 0.149 0.016 0.397 0.020 0.159 0.123 0.006 0.302 ,0.001 0.131 0.026 0.321 ,0.001 0.162 0.574 0.r0.127 0.016 0.126 0.098 0.121 0.144 0.096 0.136 0.041 20.079 0.041 20.003 0.134 0.166 20.023 0.300 0.304 20.P0.155 0.861 0.159 0.271 0.175 0.107 0.283 0.128 0.648 0.378 0.648 0.973 0.134 0.123 0.800 0.001 0.001 0.Determinant Factors Associated with CIMT Values in Subjects with or without Metabolic SyndromeSpearman correlation analysis also showed that serum progranulin level was significantly positively correlated with CIMT in subjects without metabolic syndrome (r = 0.236, P = 0.035). Similarly, the results of our multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that age, sex, BMI, HDL-cholesterol, and circulating progranulin (P = 0.039) levels were significant predictors for CIMT in subjects without metabolic syndrome (R2 = 0.365)(Table 3). On the other hand, age, diastolic blood pressure, and LDL-cholesterol levels were significant determining factors for CIMT in the metabolic syndrome group (R2 = 0.433).Body mass index Waist circumference Systolic blood pressure Diastolic blood pressure AST ALT Total cholesterol HDL-cholesterol Triglycerides LDL-cholesterol Fasting glucoseDiscussionThe present study showed that circulating progranulin levels mainly have a significant relationship with inflammatory markers, such as hsCRP and IL-6, whereas circulating CTRP3 concentrations exhibit a significant association withcardiometabolic risk factors, including waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose levels, lipid profiles, eGFR, and adiponectin levels. Furthermore, we found that serum progranulin level is an independent marker for carotid athe.Ide, and fasting glucose levels, and positively correlated with age, eGFR, and serum adiponectin levels. However, serum CTRP3 concentrations had no significant correlation with serum hsCRP or IL-6 levels. Interestingly, the number of metabolic syndrome components had a significant positive relationship with circulating progranulin levels (r = 0.227, P = 0.010) and a negative correlation with CTRP3 levels (r = 20.175, P = 0.050). Moreover, serum progranulin levels increased significantly according to the number of metabolic syndrome components (P for linear trend ,0.01,Results Baseline Characteristic of the Study SubjectsThe clinical and biochemical characteristics of the study subjects are presented in Table 1. The metabolic syndrome group showed a significantly higher mean BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, hsCRP, and CIMT values compared to the control group. HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin levels in the metabolic syndrome group were significantly lower than in the controlProgranulin and CTRP3 in Metabolic SyndromeFigure 18325633 1), whereas CTRP3 serum concentration decreased significantly (P for linear trend = 0.04, Figure 1). In multiple stepwise linear regression analysis, IL-6 (P = 0.01) and triglyceride (P,0.001) levels were significant determining factors for serum progranulin levels (R2 = 0.251), whereas sex (P,0.001), triglyceride levels (P,0.001) and LDL-cholesterol levels (P = 0.02) were significant decisive factors for circulating CTRP3 concentrations (R2 = 0.321) (Table S1).Table 2. Spearman Correlation of Serum Progranulin and CTRP3 with Various Metabolic Parameters.CTRPProgranulinrSex Age 0.476 0.240 20.129 20.214 20.076 20.207 20.126 20.138 20.245 0.093 20.338 20.135 20.198 20.108 0.392 0.125 20.050 0.P,0.001 0.007 0.149 0.016 0.397 0.020 0.159 0.123 0.006 0.302 ,0.001 0.131 0.026 0.321 ,0.001 0.162 0.574 0.r0.127 0.016 0.126 0.098 0.121 0.144 0.096 0.136 0.041 20.079 0.041 20.003 0.134 0.166 20.023 0.300 0.304 20.P0.155 0.861 0.159 0.271 0.175 0.107 0.283 0.128 0.648 0.378 0.648 0.973 0.134 0.123 0.800 0.001 0.001 0.Determinant Factors Associated with CIMT Values in Subjects with or without Metabolic SyndromeSpearman correlation analysis also showed that serum progranulin level was significantly positively correlated with CIMT in subjects without metabolic syndrome (r = 0.236, P = 0.035). Similarly, the results of our multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that age, sex, BMI, HDL-cholesterol, and circulating progranulin (P = 0.039) levels were significant predictors for CIMT in subjects without metabolic syndrome (R2 = 0.365)(Table 3). On the other hand, age, diastolic blood pressure, and LDL-cholesterol levels were significant determining factors for CIMT in the metabolic syndrome group (R2 = 0.433).Body mass index Waist circumference Systolic blood pressure Diastolic blood pressure AST ALT Total cholesterol HDL-cholesterol Triglycerides LDL-cholesterol Fasting glucoseDiscussionThe present study showed that circulating progranulin levels mainly have a significant relationship with inflammatory markers, such as hsCRP and IL-6, whereas circulating CTRP3 concentrations exhibit a significant association withcardiometabolic risk factors, including waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose levels, lipid profiles, eGFR, and adiponectin levels. Furthermore, we found that serum progranulin level is an independent marker for carotid athe.
